Social Civics CBSE Class 10 Democracy and Diversity VSAQ

Q.1. What was Civil Rights Movement ?
Ans. It was a reform movement launched by Martin Luther to abolish legal racial discrimination against African-American.

Q.2. Who were African-American ?
Ans. Afro-American, Black American, or Black are the terms used to refer mainly to the descendants of Africans who were brought into America as slaves between the 17th century and early 19th century.

Q.3. What was the Black Power Movement ?
Ans. The Black Power movement emerged in 1966 and lasted till 1975, which was a more militant anti-racist movement, advocating even violence if necessary to end racism in the US.

Q.4. Why Tommie Smith and John Carlos received their medals wearing black socks and no shoes ?
Ans. To represent black poverty and to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the United States. ‘

Q.5. “The silver medallist (Mexico Olympic 1968) Peter Norman wore a human rights badge on his shirt during the medal ceremony”. Give reason.
Ans. He wore a human rights badge to support to the African-Americans who tried to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the United States.

Q.6. What action was taken against the athletes who raised the Civil Rights issue at Mexico Olympics ?
Ans. The International Olympic Association held Carlos and Smith guilty of violating the Olympic spirit by making a political statement. Their medals were taken back. Back home, they were subjected to a lot of criticism. Norman too suffered for his action and was not included in the Australian team for the next Olympics.

Q.7. What did Peter Norman do to show his support to the two American athletes ? What action was taken against him for his action ?
Ans. (i) Peter Norman, wore a human rights badge on his shirt during the ceremony to show his support to the two Americans.
(ii) Norman was not included in the Australian team for the next Olympics.

Q.8. Which kind of social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions ?
Ans. Overlapping social divisions.

Q.9. Mention any two factors responsible for origin of social differences.
Ans. Birth, choice, economic status and religion.

Q.10. What are overlapping social differences ?
Ans. When one social difference overlaps another difference, It is known as overlapping social differences.

Q.11. What are cross-cutting social differences ?
Ans. When one social issue cross-cut another social issue, it is known as cross-cutting social differences.

Q.12. ‘Most of the social differences are based on accident of birth’. Explain.
Ans. The social differences are mostly based on accident of birth. Normally, we don’t choose to belong to our community. We belong to it simply because we were born into it. We all experience social differences based on accident of birth in our everyday lives. People around us are male or female, they are tall and short, have different kinds of complexions, or have different physical abilities or disabilities.

Q.13. What is homogeneous society ? Give two examples.
Ans. A society that has similar kinds of people, especially where there are no significant ethnic differences. For example, Germany and Sweden.

Q.14. What is migration ? What is its impact ?
Ans. Shifting of people from one region to another within country or to another country, usually for work or other economic opportunities is known as migration.
The process of migration is converting homogeneous countries to heterogeneous countries because migrants bring with them their own culture and tend to form a different social community.

Q-15. How are the social divisions reflected in politics ? Explain.
Ans. (i) Political parties talk about social divisions, make different promises to different communities, look after due representation of various communities and make policies to redress the grievances of the disadvantaged communities.
(ii) Social divisions affect voting in most countries. People from one community tend to prefer a party more than others. In many countries, there are parties that focus only on one community.

Q.16. What Is ethnic composition of Northern Netherland ?
Ans. (i) Protestants – 53%
(ii) Roman Catholics – 44%

Q.17. “Hie combination of politics and social divisions is very dangerous and explosive as it may lead to conflict, violence or even disintegration of a country.” Give one example.
Ans. Political competition along religious ending ethic lines led to the disintegration of Yugoslavia into six independent states.

Q-18. What type of society exists in Sweden and Germany ? [CBSE Comp. (O) 2008]
Ans. Homogeneous.
Q.19. Why do some people belonging to the same religion often feel that they do not belong to the same community ?
[CBSE 2009 (D)]
Ans. Because their castes or sects are different.

Q.20. Mention two similarities between Tommie Smith and John Carlos. [CBSE 2009 (D), 14]
Ans. (a) Both were African-Americans.
(b) Both were athletes.