NCERT Exemplar Problems Class 6 Science – Components of Food

Question 1:
Which one of the following food items does not provide dietary fibre?
(a) Whole grains
(b) Whole pulses
(c) Fruits and vegetables
(d) Milk
Solution:
(d) Milk does not provide dietary fibre. It is an excellent source of vitamins, proteins and minerals particularly calcium.
The other three, i.e. whole grains, whole pulses, fresh fruits and vegetables are main source of roughage or dietary fibres. Roughage helps our body to get rid of undigested food.

Question 2:
Which of the following sources of protein is different from others?
(a) Peas
(b) Grams
(c) Soyabeans
(d) Cottage cheese (paneer)
Solution:
(d) Among the given sources of protein, cottage cheese (paneer) is different as it is an animal protein, whereas peas, grams and soyabeans are plant proteins.




Question 3:
Which of the following nutrients is not present in milk?
(a) Protein
(b) Vitamin-C
(d) Calcium
(d) Vitamin-D
Solution:
(b) Vitamin-C is not present in milk. It is present in citrus fruits, such as oranges and green vegetables.

Question 4:
Read the food items given below.

1. Wheat
2. Ghee
3. Iodised salt
4. Spinach (palak)

Which of the above food items are energy giving foods?
(a) (1) and (4)
(b) (2) and (4)
(c) (1) and (2)
(d) (3) and (4)
Solution:
(c) Wheat (i.e. carbohydrates) and Ghee (i.e. fats) are energy giving foods. The other options, i.e. iodised salt and spinach are good sources of iodine and iron, respectively.

Question 5:
Read the following statements about diseases.

1. They are caused by germs.
2. They are caused due to the lack of nutrients in our diet.
3. They can be passed on to another person through contact.
4. They can be prevented by taking a balanced diet.

Which pair of statements best describes a deficiency disease?
(a) (1) and (2)
(b) (2) and (3)
(c) (2) and (4)
(d) (1) and (3)
Solution:
(c) Deficiency disease is a disease which arises due to the lack of nutrients in our diet over a long period of time, e.g. Scurvy, kwashiorkor.
To prevent these diseases, it is essential to have a balanced diet. It is a diet, which contains adequate amounts of all the nutrients as well as sufficient quantity of water and roughage.

Question 6:
Given below are the steps to test the presence of proteins in a food item.
I. Take a small quantity of the food item in a test tube, add 10 drops of water to it and shake it.
II. Make a paste or powder of food to be tested.
III. Add 10 drops of caustic soda solution to the test tube and shake well.
IV. Add 2 drops of copper sulphate solution to it.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the steps?
(a) I, II, IV, III
(b) II, I, IV, III
(c) II, I, III, IV
(d) IV, II, I, III
Solution:
(b) The presence of proteins in a food material is tested on the basis of a reaction between proteins and alkaline solution of copper sulphate, that gives a voilet colour.
The test involves the following steps in sequences II, I, IV, III.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 7:
Unscramble the following words related to components of food and write them in the space provided.
(a) rein pot
(b) menliars
(c) tivanmi
(d) bocatradhyer
(e) nitesturn
(f) tfa
Solution:
(a) Protein
(b) Minerals
(c) Vitamin
(d) Carbohydrate
(e) Nutrients
(f) Fat

Question 8:
Which of the following food item does not provide any nutrient? Milk, Water, Orange juice, Tomato soup
Solution:
Among the given food items, water does not provide any nutrient, but is needed by our body for various functions such as transport of digested food, controlling and regulating body temperature, etc.
The other food items, i.e. milk provides proteins, fats and vitamins, while orange juice and tomato soup provide vitamin-C.

Question 9:
Fill in the blanks from the list of words given below
(carbohydrate, fat, protein, starch, sugar, vitamin-A, vitamin-C, roughage, balanced diet, obesity, goitre)

1. Egg yolk is rich in and egg albumin is rich in ……………
2. Deficiency dieseases can be prevented by taking a ……….
3. Eating too much of fat rich foods may lead to a condition called ………..
4. The component of food that does not provide any nutrient to our body and yet is essential in our food is …………
5. The vitamin that gets easily destroyed by heating during cooking is …………

Solution:

1. fat; protein
2. balanced diet
3. obesity
4. roughage
5. vitamin-C

Question 10:
Read the items of food listed below. Classify them into carbohydrate rich, protein rich and fat rich foods and fill them in the given table. Mung dal, fish, mustard oil, sweet potato, milk, rice, egg, beans, butter, butter milk (chhachh), cottage cheese (paneer), peas, maize, white bread.

Solution:
The completely filled table is as given below ;

Question 16:
‘Minerals and vitamins are needed in very small quantities by our body as compared to other components, yet they are an important part of a balanced diet’. Explain the statement.
Solution:
Minerals and vitamins though are needed in very small quantities by our body, but are important part of balanced diet because

1. Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases. These are necessary for good eyesight (vitamin-A), growth (vitamin-B), keeping teeth gums and joints healthy (vitamin-C) and normal growth of bones and teeth (vitamin-D).
2. Minerals are needed in our body for building bones and teeth (calcium and phosphorus), formation of blood (iron), coagulation of blood and functioning of muscles (calcium) and functioning of thyroid gland (iron). Thus, assist in proper functioning normal growth and good health.

Question 17:
‘Water does not provide nutrients, yet it is an important component of food’. Explain.
Solution:
Water does not provide nutrients, yet it is an important component of food because it helps

1. to transport digested food to body cells.
2. to absorb nutrients from the food.
3. to get rid of waste products from the body.
4. to control and regulate the body temperature.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 18:
Boojho was having difficulty in seeing things in dim light. The doctor tested his eyesight and prescribed a particular vitamin supplement. He also advised him to include a few food items in his diet.

1. Which deficiency disease is he suffering from?
2. Which food component may be lacking in his diet?
3. Suggest some food items that he should include in his diet, (any four)

Solution:

1. Boojho is suffering from night blindness.
2. The food component which may be lacking in his diet is vitamin-A.
3. The food items that he should include in his diet to overcome the deficiency of vitamin-A are green vegetables, carrot, papaya, milk, mango and fish liver oil.

Question 19:
Solve the crossword puzzle given as figure from the clues given below.

Across
1. Lack of nutrients in our diet over a long period causes these diseases.(10)
2. Rice and potato are rich in this type of carbohydrate. (6)
3. Deficiency disease in bones making it becomes soft and bent. (7)
4. The diet that provides all the nutrients that our body needs in right quantities along with adequate amount of roughage and water. (8, 4)
5. Deficiency disease with bleeding gums. (6)
6. Disease caused due to the deficiency of iodine. (6)
Down
7. Starch and sugar in our food are rich in this type of energy giving nutrient. (13)
8. The term given to the useful components of food. (9)
9. The disease caused by deficiency of iron in diet. (7)
10. Green leafy vegetables and apples are rich in this mineral. (4)
11. Deficiency disease caused due to the lack of vitamin-B1 in the diet. (8)
Solution:
Across
1. DEFICIENCY
2. STARCH
3. RICKETS
4. BALANCED DIET
5. SCURVY
6. GOITRE
Down
7.CARBOHYDRATES
8.NUTRIENTS
9.ANAMINA
10.IRON
11.BERI-BERI





Question 20:
Observe the items given in the figure carefully and answer that questions in the following?

(a) Food item rich in carbohydrates is …(i)…
(b) Egg is a rich source of protein, the mineral …(ii)… and vitamin …(iii)…
(c) …(iv)… is a rich source of fat.
(d) Milk provides …(v)…, vitamin-D and …(vi)… (mineral).
(e) … (vii) … (fruit) is a rich source of vitamin-A.
(f) Spinach is a good source of the mineral…(viii)… .
(g) Both eggs and … (ix) … are rich in …(x)… .
Solution:
In the given diagram,
(a) Chapatties (i)
(b) Calcium (ii); Vitamins-D, B12 (iii)
(c) Butter (iv)
(d) Protein (v); Calcium (vi)
(e) Papaya (vii)
(f) Iron (viii)
(g) Peas (ix); proteins (x)

Question 21:
Snakes and Ladders
Make a board game just like snakes and ladders with 10 x 10 grid boxes.
The mouth of the snake will represent the faulty food habit or faulty method of cooking. Its tail will represent the deficiency disease caused or loss of any nutrient in food.
Similarly, the box at the base of a ladder will represent healthy food habit or healthy method of cooking.
Its upper end will represent the beneficial effect of that habit. An example is given as figure. Complete the board and play with your friends.

Solution: