Social Science CBSE Class 10 History Work, Life and Leisure VSAQ
Q.1.Who wrote the novel ‘Debganer Martye Aagaman ?
Ans.Durgacharan Ray.
Q.2.What was the theme of the novel ‘Debganer Martye Aagaman’ ?
Ans.The basic aim of the novel was to explain the city life of Calcutta.
Q.3.What is urbanisation ?
Ans. Development of cities and towns is known as urbanisation.
Q.4.‘Three historical processes have shaped modern cities in decisive ways’. What were these processes ?
Ans.The rise of industrial capitalism the establishment of colonial rule over large parts of the world and the development of colonial rule over large pans of the world.
Q.5.‘What factor helped in the development of ancient cities ?
Ans.Ancient cities could develop cue to an increase in food supplies which made it possible to support a wide range of non-food producers.
Q.6.Name any three ancient cities.
Ans.(i) Ur
(ii) Nippur
(iii) Mohenjodaro
Q.7.Why were the migrants attracted towards London and Manchester ?
Ans.Because Jobs were easily available to workers in the textile mills.
Q.8.Who was Henry Mayhew ?
Ans. He was a writer and a philosopher who wrote several volumes on the London labour and compiled long lists of those who made a living from crime.
Q.9. Who are philanthropist ? [CBSE 2014]
Ans. Someone who works for social upliftment and charity, donating time and money for the purpose.
Q.10.Mention any two steps which were taken by the government to check criminalisation of London. [CBSE 201 4]
Ans. (i)The authorities imposed high penalties for crime and offered work to those who were considered me ‘deserving poor’.
(ii) The Compulsory Elementary Education Act was passed through which the children were kept out of Industrial work.
(iii)Population of criminals was counted and their activities were watched.
Q.11.Who wrote The Bitter Cry of Outcast London’ ?
Ans. Andrew Mearns.
Q.12.Name the acts through which children were kept out of industrial work in London.
Ans. (i) Compulsory Elementary Education Act in 1870.
(ii) Various Factories Acts.
Q.13.Who conducted the First social survey of low skilled London workers ?
Ans. Charles Booth.
Q.14.What was Temperance Movement ?
Ans. A largely middle class led social reform movement which emerged in Britain and America from the nineteenth century onwards, it identified alcoholism as the cause of the nun of families and society, and aimed at reducing the consumption of alcoholic drinks particularly among the working classes.
Q.15.Mention any four factors responsible for increase in criminal activities in London in the 1870s.
Ans. (i) Increasing population
(ii) Low wages
(iii) Lack of education
(iv) Pushing large number of children into low paid work by their parents.
Q.16.Who conducted a survey in London in 1887 ? What was its result ?
Ans. In 1887. Charles Booth conducted a survey and concluded that 1 million landowners were very poor and were expected to live only upto an average age of 29 These people were more likely to die in a workhouse, hospital or lunatic asylum.
Q.17.Who was Ebenezer Howard ?
Ans. He was an architect and a planner who developed the idea of the garden city, a pleasant space full of plan’s and new. where people could live and work. He believed that this would also produce better quality citizens
Q.18.Who developed the principle of the Garden City ?
Ans. Ebenezer Howard
Q.19.When was the London Underground railway started ?
Ans. The first section of the Underground railway in London opened on 10“ January. 1S63 between Paddington and Farrington street in London
Q.20.How did underground railway help in solving housing problem ?
Ans. London Underground partially solved the housing crisis by carrying large masses of people to and fro the city.
Q.21.Name the presidency cities of colonial India.
Ans. Calcutta and Madras.
Q.22.Mention any two factors which promoted migration to Bombay.
Ans.(i) It was the hub of trade in opium and cotton,
(ii) Bombay was also at the junction head of two major railways. The railways encouraged a large number of people to migrate into the city.
Q.23. Under whose control was Bombay in the 17th century ? Why the control of island passed into British hands ?
Ans. In the seventeenth century. Bombay was a group of seven islands under Portuguese control In 1661 control of the islands passed into British hands after the marriage of Britain’s King Charles II to the Portuguese princess.
Q.24.How did the development or expansion of Bombay differ from London ?
Ans. (i)Bombay was overcrowded city where a person had only 9.5 square yard of space whereas it was 155 square yard in London, (i0 Bombay did not grow according to a plan whereas London grew according to a plan.
Q.25.When did Bombay become the capital of the Bombay Presidency ?
Ans. In 1619. after the Maratha defeat in the Anglo- Maratha war.
Q.26.When was first cotton mill established in Bombay ?
Ans. 1854.
Q.27.Name any two factors which promoted migration into Bombay.
Ans. (i) Introduction of railways.
(ii) Establishment or textile industry.
Q.28.What were chawls ? (CBSE 2013. 2014]
Ans. Chawls were multistoreyed structures built Since l860s in the native parts of Bombay. These were largely owned by private landlords who were looking for quick ways of earning money from the anxious migrants. Each chawl was divided into smaller one room tenements which had no private toilets.
Q.29.”The rapid and unplanned expansion of Bombay led to many problems-. Mention the major problems.
Ans. (i) Water crisis
(ii) Crisis of housing
(iii) Lack of space
(iv) Caste and family group dashes.
Q.30.’The policy of racialism was visible In the colonial cities’. Explain by giving examples.
Ans. (i) The Bombay fort area was divided between a ‘native town’ where mes o: the Indians lived and a ‘white section.’ where the Europeans lived.
(ii) A European suburb and an. industrial zone developed to the North of the fort area with a similar suburb and cantonment in the South.
Q.31.When and why was City of Bombay Improvement Trust established ?
Ans. The City of Bombay Improvement Trust wa> established in 1898 for clearing poorer homes out of the City centre.
Q.32.Give reason for the following :
(i) The Kent Act led to housing crisis in Bombay.
(ii) Expansion of the city has always posed a problem in Bombay.
Ans. (i)Because landlords withdrew houses from the market.
(ii)Because of scarcity of land.
